Tobacco dependence

Tobacco dependence is the most widespread disease in the world. The relation of a society to tobacco smoking is inconsistent. Tobacco smoking began to consider as a problem when negative consequences of its influence on health of the person have been found out. The urgency of a problem of a tobacco smoking increases in connection with incomplete knowledge патобиологической bases of tobacco dependence and insufficient level of a professional knowledge and skills of rendering of medical aid to the persons, wishing to stop tobacco smoking. By estimations of experts only 5 % of the persons smoking tobacco, can independently stop smoking, 80 % of persons wish to stop smoking, but special medical aid is necessary for them. Lack of information of a society in the given scientific problem has led to representation about smoking (and actually - tobacco dependence) as about a bad habit in which the patient because he does not wish to give up smoking has been declared by guilty. The modern medical science classifies tobacco dependence as one of the clinical diseases, demanding treatment by forces of professional doctors-experts.
Experts characterise tobacco dependence as difficult and non-uniform structure of a clinical pathology. Its roots on the one hand leave in конституциональные преморбидные features of mental activity of a brain, and with another in малоизученные spheres of the biochemical mechanisms making a basis of frustration of an inclination. Phenomenologically tobacco dependence is characterised by loss in sphere of thinking of the control "I" over occurrence and the termination of memoirs and representations, desires of repeated smoking of tobacco with simultaneous development of clinic of a syndrome of a pathological inclination to smoking of tobacco, a syndrome of cancellation, remissions and relapses.
Tobacco dependence on a class V МКБ-10, adapted for use in the Russian Federation, is included in section [F10-F19] “Mental frustration and the behaviour frustration, connected (caused) by the use of psychoactive substances” in a heading (F1х.2) “a dependence Syndrome”, in a heading (F17.3х) “the Syndrome of cancellation of tobacco”, and (F17.0х) “the Sharp intoxication caused by the use of tobacco (a sharp nicotinic intoxication)”. Tobacco does not concern to to “to the List of narcotics, psychotropic substances and them прекурсоров, subject to the control in the Russian Federation (lists I, II, III)”, and absence in clinic of tobacco dependence psychoorganic дефицитарной semiology and the changes of the person caused by smoking of tobacco, defines a special place of tobacco dependence among frustration of inclinations.
Tobacco dependence is diagnosed at level to 90 % for persons who daily smoke tobacco.